1.3数据类型(tuple)

元祖创建

元祖创建简单,只需在括号中添加元素,元素间用逗号隔开,元祖元素不可修改,例子:

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world",1970,1999)
>>> tuple1
('hello', 'world', 1970, 1999)

创建空元祖,例子:

 

>>> tuple1 = ()
>>> tuple1
()

元祖中只包含一个元素时,需在元素后面添加逗号,例子:

>>> tuple1 = (50,)
>>> tuple1
(50,)

元祖访问

元祖使用下标索引访问元祖中元素,例子:

例一:

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world",1970,1999)

>>> tuple1[1]
'world'

例二:

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world",1970,1999)

>>> tuple1[1:3]

('world', 1970)

元祖修改

元祖中的元素不允许修改,可以通过元祖进行连接组合,例子:

例一:

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)
>>> tuple2 = (7,8,9)
>>> tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2
>>> tuple3
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9)

例二:

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)
>>> tuple2 = (7,8,9)
>>> tuple1 = tuple1[2:4] + tuple2[0:2]
>>> tuple1
(3, 4, 7, 8)
元祖删除

元祖中的元素是不允许删除的,可以通过del删除整个元祖,例子:

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)

>>> del tuple1
>>> tuple1

元祖无关闭分隔符

以逗号分开无关闭的分隔开符的对象,默认为元祖,例子:

def return_tuple(x,y):
return x,y

if __name__ == "__main__":
x = 1
y = 2
return_tuple_value = return_tuple(x,y)
print "return_tuple_value:" + str(return_tuple_value)
print "return_tuple_value type:" + str(type(return_tuple_value))

return_tuple_value:(1, 2)
return_tuple_value type:<type 'tuple'>

元祖运算符:+、*、[]、[:] 、in、for i in tuple_demo

操作符 描述 实例
+ 组合 >>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)
>>> tuple2 = (7,8,9)
>>> tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2
>>> tuple3
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9)
* 重复

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world")
>>> tuple1 * 3
('hello', 'world', 'hello', 'world', 'hello', 'world')

[] 索引

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world",1970,1999)

>>> tuple1[1]
'world'

[:] 截取

>>> tuple1 = ("hello","world",1970,1999)

>>> tuple1[1:3]

('world', 1970)

in 成员运算符--元素存在元祖中返回True

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
>>> 1 in tuple1
True

not in 成员运算符--元素不存在元祖中返回True

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
>>> 7 not in tuple1
True

for in tuple_demo 迭代

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
>>> for i in tuple1:
print i

1
2
3
4
5
6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

元祖函数

语法 描述 参数 返回 实例
cmp(tuple1,tuple2) 比较两个元祖元素

tuple1--比较元祖

tuple2-比较元祖

tuple1 < tuple2:-1

tuple1 > tuple2:1

tuple1 == tuple2:0

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3)
>>> tuple2 = (1,2,3,4)
>>> cmp(tuple1,tuple2)
-1
>>> cmp(tuple2,tuple1)
1
>>> tuple3 = (1,2,3)
>>> cmp(tuple1,tuple3)
0

len(tuple) 计算元祖中元素个数 tuple--需要计算长度的元祖 元祖中元素个数

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4)
>>> len(tuple1)
4

max(tuple) 返回元祖中最大的元素 tuple--需要返回最大值元素的元祖 元祖中最大值的元素

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4)
>>> max(tuple1)
4

min(tuple) 返回元祖中最小的元素 tuple--需要返回最小值元素的元祖 元祖中最小值的元素

>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4)
>>> min(tuple1)
1

tuple(seq) 将有序String和list转换成tuple  seq--需要转换成tuple的string或list  返回转换后的元祖

>>> str1 = "hello python!!!"
>>> str_tuple = tuple(str1)
>>> str_tuple
('h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'p', 'y', 't', 'h', 'o', 'n', '!', '!', '!')

>>> list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> list_tuple = tuple(list1)
>>> list_tuple
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

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